The most typical applications are testing the flow and cure behavior, mastication, compounding with additives such as carbon black, silica, etc. They are also frequently used for measuring the breakdown index and the black incorporation time (BIT). Furthermore, the flow behavior of electrode masses and ceramic molding materials can be determined as a function of temperature and shear, and absorption tests can be run on materials like iron oxide powder, carbon black, pigments, and similar materials with particle sizes in the μm range.