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Biobased plastics additives

Bio-based plastic additives are becoming increasingly important in terms of sustainability.
Thus, the challenge arises to ensure consistent material properties in a cost-efficient manner without supply gaps.

The lubricant LOXIOL® G 19, a substitute for 12-HSA engineered by Emery Oleochemicals, meets this challenge.

In cooperation with the manufacturer, we carried out a practical test using Brabender analytical equipment. Details on the case study context can be found here. Furthermore, you have the opportunity of downloading the technical documentation.

Optimize PVC materials sustainably & calculably

Opt for regionally available raw materials

12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) is frequently used as an additive in the production of PVC lubricants. The only feedstock produced on an industrial scale is castor oil. India holds a 90% global market share of castor seed production (see figure, above). The dependency described above results in a number of unpredictable risks, such as Shortages in supply and cost volatility. The combination lubricant LOXIOL® G 19 developed by Emery Oleochemicals is built on regionally grown raw materials. The additive entered the market in 2020. In our series of trials we tested both lubricants in use with Brabender analytical equipment. (Graphic: Castor seed production over time © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FOA))

Benchmarking: 12-HSA vs LOXIOL® G 19

For the comparative test, two PVC compounds received the respective additives. The material characterization test included a kneader test, followed by an extrusion test. The measuring mixer analysis provided information on the gelatinization properties and the melting time of both dry compounds. The W 50 EHT Kneader according to ASTM D 2538 provides reproducible, precise test results. Next, an extrusion test followed to investigate the melting and processing behavior with the KDSE Conical Twin-Screw Extruder. The extruded flat profiles subsequently passed a gloss test.

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Technical Note


Lubricants in rigid PVC

Motivation

12-Hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) is a common PVC lubricant mainly used to disperse inorganic fillers, predominantly chalk, in the PVC matrix. Application is mainly in rigid PVC profiles, pipes and fittings. 12-HSA is sometimes called „the anti plate-out additive“ because of its unique dispersion properties. The only industrial large scale feedstock for 12-HSA is castor oil, which is first hydrogenated and then saponified. Approx. 90 % of the world castor seed production is from India. Approx. 80 % of Indian production is from the federal state of Gujarat. Combining both figures, one can conclude that about 70 % of the world production of castor seed oil is from 1 single Indian state.

This kind of single-sourcing both regarding feedstock and region gave the motivation to look for an alternative lubricant for 12-HSA which is not depending on castor oil. The intention was to substitute the lubricant in the PVC formulation maintaining process and product performance in the model compound and under real conditions at the customer’s application.

About the document:
File format: PDF
Language: English
Size: 3 MB
Pages: 10
Words: about 2000

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